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September 09.2025
1 Minute Read

TikTok Algorithm: Explaining the power of the "For You Page" and its signals.

Did you know that roughly 90% of TikTok users find new content through the For You Page? That means the TikTok algorithm is one of the most powerful digital gatekeepers shaping what trends, dances, and creators go viral around the globe. Whether you're a creator or a casual scroller, unlocking how the TikTok algorithm works is your ticket to mastering this magnetic social media platform. In this deep dive, you'll discover what makes TikTok so addictive, how you can reach more viewers, and the essential strategies for cracking the code in 2025.

Unlocking the TikTok Algorithm: Surprising Facts and the Reach of the For You Page

"Roughly 90% of TikTok users discover content on the For You Page, making the TikTok algorithm one of the most influential digital gatekeepers in social media today."

The TikTok algorithm is the engine that powers what you see every time you open the app’s For You Page. In fact, most creators and brands now focus their strategies around gaining traction here—because virality on this feed can turn an unknown user into a global sensation overnight. Unlike other social media platforms that rely mainly on followers, TikTok’s algorithm prioritizes content discovery, putting everyone—from new users to top influencers—on a level playing field. To make the most of TikTok, it’s essential to understand how its algorithm works and what factors give your videos the best chance to stand out.

This article aims to shed light on each layer of the TikTok algorithm, focusing especially on the For You Page—where trends are born and billions of views are distributed daily. You’ll get surprising facts, clear explanations, and tips for working with (not against) TikTok’s recommendation system.

What You'll Learn About the TikTok Algorithm

  • How the TikTok algorithm works behind the scenes.

  • Key signals that influence what appears on your For You Page.

  • The role of user interactions, video information, and account/device settings.

  • Tips for improving your reach and optimizing content using the TikTok algorithm.

  • Emerging trends and future directions for TikTok’s recommendation engine.

dynamic collage of vibrant smartphone screens displaying TikTok

What Is the TikTok Algorithm? Defining the Core System

  • Short history and evolution of TikTok algorithm

  • Definition of TikTok algo as a recommendation engine

  • The significance of the For You Page

  • How algorithm work powers content discovery

The TikTok algorithm is an advanced recommendation system that organizes and personalizes your content feed. From its beginnings as Musical.ly merging into TikTok, the platform quickly transformed how social media operates, putting discovery and short-form video at the center. Unlike the chronological feeds common to other social networks, TikTok’s content is driven almost entirely by its For You Page (FYP), which uses artificial intelligence and user behavior data to deliver a never-ending stream of relevant, engaging, and sometimes surprising videos.

This algorithm work is so effective that you’ll often find yourself watching videos outside your typical interests or location. It's designed to keep users engaged by serving the perfect mix of trending sounds, viral challenges, and fresh creators. At the core, TikTok’s recommendation engine analyzes everything from your likes and comments to the music you pause on. This is why TikTok feels so personalized—because it is, dynamically adapting to each user interaction.

Major TikTok Algorithm Ranking Factors

Ranking Factor

Description

Influence Level

User Interactions

Likes, shares, follows, comments

High

Video Information

Captions, sounds, hashtags, description

Medium

Device and Account Settings

Language, location, device type, account settings

Medium-Low

Watch Time & Completion Rate

Video views and percentage watched

Critical

How Does the TikTok Algorithm Work?

The heart of the TikTok algorithm is a sophisticated system that processes millions of signals in real time. When you post on TikTok, your video isn’t just thrown into the void; instead, the algorithm immediately begins analyzing its potential by tracking initial engagement. This content goes through a kind of “test group” before being scaled to wider audiences. Each user interaction—like, share, comment, or even a full watch—feeds into this cycle, helping TikTok decide which videos rise to the top.

What’s fascinating about how the algorithm works is its feedback loop. The more people interact with a video, the more signals the algorithm gets that your content is relevant and engaging. The system continuously refines itself—meaning trends can change overnight based on how users collectively behave. For creators, consistently engaging content and a clear strategy for maximizing engagement can be a game-changer for visibility and reach.

Breaking Down How the TikTok Algorithm Works

  • Content ingestion and initial impressions

  • User signal tracking: likes, shares, duration

  • Feedback loops and content layering

When a new TikTok video is uploaded, the platform assigns it an initial audience segment—often a small, randomized group. The algorithm observes key ranking factors right away: watch time, replays, and how quickly users interact (or swipe away). A strong showing here triggers broader distribution. Everything is data-driven: the tiktok algo weighs likes, comments, shares, and whether viewers watch to the end. If engagement is high, the video gets “layered” into more For You Pages, snowballing more organic reach.

"The TikTok algorithm is not a one-off process — it evolves with every interaction," notes digital strategist Sarah Lee.

conceptual visualization of a neural network analyzing TikTok video data streams for algorithm work

Key Signals Driving the For You Page: The Heart of the TikTok Algorithm

The “magic” of TikTok’s For You Page comes from a blend of user interaction, video information, and device and account settings. Let’s break down these key signals to help you understand what’s happening every time you scroll, like, or share a TikTok video.

Each of these signals helps the TikTok algorithm “get smarter” at showing the right content to the right person at the right time—maximizing engagement and watch time. For creators, mastering these signals can mean the difference between a viral hit and a forgotten post on TikTok.

User Interaction and the TikTok Algorithm

  • Exploring how comments, follows, and shares affect discovery

  • The impact of video rewatches and completion

Every time you double-tap, comment, or share, you help shape the TikTok algorithm’s understanding of both your interests and the content’s quality. High user interactions, such as commenting, reposting, and even rewatching a TikTok video, signal to the recommendation engine that your content deserves more attention. Completion rates play an outsized role; if people watch your videos all the way through (especially multiple times), this tells the algorithm you’ve created highly engaging content.

Not all interactions are equal. Shares and follows are worth “more” in the TikTok algorithm than a simple like, as they indicate genuine value and interest in your content. By encouraging your audience to interact in multiple ways, you can quickly boost your reach and get noticed by the algorithm work.

Video Information: Trending Hashtags, Sounds, and Content Context

  • Role of trending hashtags and their effect on reach

  • Importance of high-quality content and original sounds

  • Optimizing titles, descriptions, and captions for TikTok SEO

TikTok videos are more discoverable when they use popular, trending hashtags and relevant, high-quality content. Sound selection, captioning, and even the description you add all form critical video information the algorithm considers. Original sounds or trending sound effects can sometimes be the “secret sauce” to a wider reach—especially when combined with viral challenges or current trends.

Never underestimate the power of TikTok SEO: using relevant keywords in your captions and hashtags helps the algorithm connect your content to interested viewers. This includes optimizing titles, descriptions, and using the right tags for your niche or target audience. Strong video information is a must-have for scaling your presence on the For You Page.

Device and Account Settings: Personalizing the TikTok Algorithm

  • Influence of user device type, account settings, language, and region

  • Privacy settings, device and account adjustment tips

The TikTok algorithm also takes into account your device and account settings—like location, device type, language, and privacy preferences. For example, videos may be favored for users in your region or those using the same language. Adjusting your account settings to suit your content goals (such as switching to a Pro account for analytics access) can unlock more powerful insights and opportunities for growth.

  1. How to review TikTok analytics for performance insights

  2. Best practices for managing and optimizing account settings

Reviewing TikTok analytics allows you to monitor how your content is performing with different segments of your audience. By studying what works, you can refine your posting habits and optimize every future post on TikTok. Don’t be afraid to experiment—sometimes, minor tweaks to your account settings can have a noticeable impact on your algorithm reach.

Factors That Influence the TikTok Algorithm: Beyond Content Creation

  • Timing your post on TikTok for maximum reach

  • Leveraging audience analytics and feedback

  • Importance of consistency and active engagement

When it comes to reaching new audiences, timing is everything. Posting during peak activity hours or when your audience is most engaged can increase the likelihood that the TikTok algorithm will favor your videos. However, this is only one of many factors that influence the algorithm’s complex decision-making process.

Consistency and active engagement matter greatly. Respond to comments, update your content regularly, and pay close attention to your audience’s feedback through TikTok analytics. If you notice certain types of content or trending hashtags outperform others, double down on these strategies. Staying in tune with trends and your specific followers' behavior will keep your videos relevant and top-of-mind in the algorithm’s rankings.

focused social media manager analyzing TikTok analytics dashboard for video performance factors
  • Five common mistakes that hurt TikTok algorithm reach:

    • Ignoring analytics and posting blindly

    • Using unrelated or outdated hashtags

    • Uploading low-quality, unoriginal, or repetitive content

    • Neglecting engagement (not replying to comments)

    • Failing to experiment or adapt to trends

  • Ways to discover trending hashtags for your niche:

    • Monitor the Discover tab for hashtag trends

    • Follow popular creators in your space

    • Regularly check the “Top” section when searching hashtags

    • Use TikTok’s built-in keyword suggestions while posting

    • Analyze competitor content for inspiration

Optimizing for the TikTok Algorithm: Advanced Strategies for Creators

To become a standout creator, you need to think like an algorithm strategist. This means making intentional choices about TikTok SEO, tapping into analytics, and staying updated with new trends. The more you understand and work with the recommendation engine, the higher your chances of going viral—and even turning TikTok into a powerful driver for your brand or business.

Using TikTok SEO and Analytics to Enhance Reach

  1. Keyword research for TikTok SEO

  2. Applying TikTok analytics to refine strategy

  3. Building quality content to boost algorithm signals

Integrate TikTok SEO best practices by researching top keywords and trending hashtags, and weaving them naturally into your descriptions and captions. Study your TikTok analytics dashboard to understand which posts resonate most with your target audience, and then create more of what works. Above all, focus on building quality content: sharp visuals, clear audio, and compelling storytelling are what the TikTok algorithm rewards.

creative young influencer brainstorming TikTok hashtag ideas for SEO strategies in content studio

Case Study: Viral Success Stories and TikTok Trends

"Our dance challenge hit 10 million views in 48 hours due to perfect timing and hashtag use," says influencer @Mia_Waves.

Looking at viral successes on TikTok helps us see how crucial timing, trending sounds, and hashtags truly are. Top creators aren’t just lucky—they pay close attention to TikTok algorithm changes and quickly adapt their content to align with what’s working. For instance, the biggest trends usually pair a trending sound with a fresh challenge or creative twist, maximizing the likelihood of being featured on the For You Page.

  • How top creators use viral sounds and trending hashtags

  • Learning from TikTok algorithm changes and updates

By observing competitors and the TikTok trending tab, anyone can experiment with new types of content and follow algorithm updates to maintain their competitive edge. Staying agile and data-driven is what separates those who go viral from those who don’t.

energetic group of creators performing a dance challenge that went viral on TikTok For You Page at sunset

TikTok Algorithm and Virality: Myths, Realities, and Best Practices

  • Demystifying common TikTok algo myths

  • Practical approaches to maximize viral potential

  • Adopting new practices as the algorithm evolves

There’s no shortage of rumors about how the TikTok algorithm works. Some say your first five posts determine your future; others claim you need to post at specific times or stick to one niche. In reality, most of these TikTok algo myths are either outdated or exaggerated. The algorithm is designed to reward relevance and engagement, regardless of where or how you started.

To maximize your chance for virality, focus on practical steps: experiment often, use trending hashtags and sounds, and engage authentically with your audience. Stay up to date with platform updates, as the TikTok recommendation system is constantly evolving. The best practices remain: make high-quality, relevant content, and never underestimate the power of community building on TikTok.

side-by-side illustration of TikTok myths vs. realities – creators pondering TikTok algorithm strategies

Future Trends: Where is the TikTok Algorithm Headed?

  1. Continued integration of AI and machine learning

  2. Personalization trends on the For You Page

  3. Implications for brands and creators

Looking ahead, TikTok will continue to integrate advanced AI and machine learning models into the algorithm work. Expect even more personalization on the For You Page, with smarter content suggestions and deeper understanding of individual viewing habits. This means brands and creators must keep innovating with their TikTok strategies, prioritizing authentic engagement and staying ahead of recommendation system trends.

As the platform evolves, creators will need to leverage TikTok SEO, data analytics, and emerging trends to maintain a sustainable and viral presence. The future is bright for those willing to experiment and adapt, positioning themselves to ride new waves whenever the TikTok algorithm takes a leap forward.

futuristic digital landscape with AI-powered TikTok algorithm visualizations, neon data streams, recommendation system

People Also Ask: Common TikTok Algorithm Questions Answered

How does the TikTok algorithm work?

  • Overview of core ranking signals

  • Process for curating the For You Page

The TikTok algorithm works by analyzing user interactions, video information, and device/account settings. Every video you see on the For You Page is handpicked by the algorithm, based on your previous likes, shares, comments, viewing time, and even the types of content you've ignored. By constantly learning from these behaviors, TikTok crafts a super personalized, never-boring feed that surfaces both popular videos and hidden gems.

How do I increase my TikTok algorithm?

  • Tactics to boost signal strength

  • Content and engagement optimization tips

To increase your reach with the TikTok algorithm, focus on creating high-quality content, leveraging TikTok SEO, including the latest trending hashtags, and posting at optimal times. Engage with your community—respond to comments, collaborate with other users, and participate in challenges. Monitor your analytics to learn which approaches resonate with your audience and adjust your strategy as needed.

How do you 100% go viral on TikTok?

  • Variables influencing virality

  • Why no method can guarantee consistent virality

While there is no guaranteed way to go viral on TikTok every time, creators who understand the algorithm work and regularly adapt their methods see much higher chances of success. Virality often depends on timing, trending sounds, quality content, and a dash of luck. There's no secret button or hack, but smart use of analytics and continuous experimentation can greatly improve your odds.

What is the 3 second rule on TikTok?

  • How watch time and 3-second retention impact the TikTok algorithm

  • Tips to capture viewers in the first three seconds

The “3 second rule” means that if viewers watch the first three seconds of your TikTok video without swiping away, the algorithm considers it more engaging—and is more likely to show it to others. Capture attention right from the start with compelling visuals, bold text overlays, or an intriguing question to maximize your watch time and retention rates.

close-up smartphone displaying TikTok video timer at three seconds, showing viewer retention for algorithm work

FAQs: Navigating the TikTok Algorithm in 2025

  • How often does the TikTok algorithm update?
    The TikTok algorithm is updated regularly, with small tweaks rolled out often and major changes announced publicly. Staying informed about updates by monitoring TikTok’s official blog and analytics is key.

  • Does follower count matter to the TikTok algorithm?
    While a larger following can help initial reach, the algorithm primarily cares about engagement, not just follower numbers. New users can still go viral if their content performs well.

  • Can shadowbanning affect your TikTok algorithm reach?
    Yes. If your account violates TikTok’s community guidelines, shadowbanning can reduce the visibility of your content. Always follow best practices and avoid prohibited content.

  • Does deleting videos reset the TikTok algorithm for your account?
    Deleting videos may impact your analytics, but there’s no evidence it completely resets your algorithm “score.” Focus on improving future uploads instead.

  • What’s the difference between the Following and the For You Page?
    The Following page shows content only from accounts you follow, while the For You Page uses the TikTok algorithm to surface a wide range of tailored content from all over the app.

Key Takeaways: Mastering the TikTok Algorithm

  1. TikTok algorithm is dynamic—engage, optimize, and iterate.

  2. Use TikTok SEO, trending hashtags, and analytics for visibility.

  3. Prioritize high-quality, relevant content for maximum reach.

Conclusion: Harnessing the Power of the TikTok Algorithm for Success

"Those who understand the TikTok algorithm today create the viral hits of tomorrow."

  • Summary of the TikTok algorithm’s power and influence

  • Next steps to deepen your knowledge of recommendation engines

confident TikTok creator celebrating successful video reach and algorithm mastery, vibrant social media icons

Further Reading: Dive Deeper Into Social Media Algorithms and Recommendation Engines

  • To discover more about Social Media Algorithms and Recommendation Engines – visit https://dylbo.com/SmartMarketing/ultimate-guide-to-how-recommendation-engines-work

Social & Video Marketing

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12.05.2025

Rethinking Rationality: The Limits of Logic in Human Decision-Making

Opening Hook: Challenging Conventional Wisdom on RationalityDid you know that rigidly relying on logic to solve complex problems often leads to dead ends? For decades, decision-makers from boardrooms to governments have sought the single 'right' answer through rational models, expecting a crystal-clear solution. Yet, persistent issues and slow innovation tell a different story — logical approaches sometimes fail because they oversimplify human behaviour and motivation.In this article, we will explore the limits of rationality as a framework for understanding decision-making. We will reveal why strict logic can stifle creativity and why embracing a broader, more nuanced perspective can help local businesses differentiate themselves and flourish in crowded markets.Understanding the Limits of Rationality: Definitions and ContextThe concept of rationality traditionally hinges on making decisions based on clear logic, maximising utility, and following consistent rules. This idealised view assumes individuals act as rational agents, optimising outcomes through reasoned thought.However, extensive research in behavioural economics and cognitive science challenges this assumption. Humans often behave irrationally, influenced by emotions, social context, and subjective perceptions. Recognising this gap is critical for businesses aiming to connect authentically with customers and innovate beyond standardized, formulaic solutions.Comparison of Rational vs. Irrational Decision-Making ModelsAspectRational ModelIrrational ModelDecision BasisLogical analysis, clear criteriaEmotions, heuristics, narrativesGoalOptimal, utilitarian outcomesSubjective satisfaction, meaningFlexibilityFixed rules, predictableAdaptive, context-dependentInnovation PotentialLimited by predefined logicEncourages novel solutionsExampleStandard economic theoryBehavioural economics insightsThe Problem with Designing for the Average PersonOne critical flaw in many rational models is their focus on the “average person.” Businesses often design products and policies targeting a single representative individual with averaged traits. Rory Sutherland of Ogilvy & Mather highlights that this approach “creates a dead end.” Since the average person, by definition, embodies a blend of many conflicting preferences, it’s difficult to develop solutions that resonate deeply or meaningfully with them.Instead, real innovation blossoms when we look to the extremes — niche or unusual consumers — who often inspire trends adopted later by the mainstream. For example, niche urban commuters opting for homes near railway stations rather than traditional tube lines discover better value and convenience, bypassing saturated logic everybody else follows. Designing for extremes fosters originality and avoids the trap of sameness.Interestingly, the tension between rationality and adaptation is also visible in how emerging technologies are reshaping the workforce. For instance, the rise of artificial intelligence is prompting young tech professionals to reconsider traditional career paths and decision-making frameworks. If you’re curious about how these shifts are influencing job opportunities, you might find this exploration of AI’s impact on job prospects for young tech workers particularly relevant.Why Pure Logic Falls Short: Insights from Business and StrategyExploiting the Limits of Rationality in Competitive MarketsRationality in business strategy often assumes that the best course is a straightforward logical choice. But according to Rory Sutherland, “it doesn’t pay to be logical if everybody else is being logical.” In military strategy and markets alike, predictability breeds vulnerability. When all competitors pursue the same rational ideas, they crowd into the same spaces, leading to commoditisation and price wars.Successful businesses identify where competitors’ logic is narrow or misguided and find ways to exploit these overlooked opportunities. By deliberately breaking away from conventional rationale and examining the flaws in others’ assumptions, companies can craft unique value propositions that stand out. For example, locating affordable housing near lesser-known railway stations, rather than busier but more expensive tube lines, is an unconventional strategy that beats mainstream logic.The Role of Subjectivity and Magic in Decision-MakingAdaptive Preference Formation: Constructing Value Through NarrativeBeyond strict rationality lies the realm of subjectivity, where experience and perception shape value. A prime example is the psychological principle of adaptive preference formation. This is where individuals adjust their preferences to minimise regret and construct narratives that make compromises feel like conscious choices rather than disappointments.Rory Sutherland gives the example of commuters standing on trains: while standing might initially seem undesirable, designing environments that provide balance supports and small satisfactions—such as window views or phone holders—enables passengers to reframe standing as a choice with benefits. This “alchemy” creates perceived value without altering objective realities, showing how subjective narratives can unlock new satisfaction.Embracing Irrationality: Scientific and Practical PerspectivesThe Danger of Over-Reliance on Rational ModelsConventional science often prioritises neat, logical, and replicable models. However, as Rory Sutherland cites philosopher Paul Feyerabend’s “anything goes” approach, real-world discovery and progress frequently emerge from serendipity, guesswork, and irrational experimentation. Strict adherence to rationality risks stifling creativity and narrowing the solution space for persistent problems.Businesses benefit from fostering environments where ‘irrational’ ideas—those that defy conventional logic but may surprise with success—are encouraged and tested. These ventures, though risky, open paths ignored under rigid methodology. For example, allowing small teams to trial unconventional marketing strategies can translate into sustainable competitive advantages by venturing where others fear to tread.The Power of Small, Trivial Interventions in Complex SystemsContrary to the intuitive idea that large problems require large solutions, complex systems often respond dramatically to minute changes. Rory Sutherland explains that trivial, even “stupid” things, like a single sentence added to a call centre script or a minor policy reversal, can have outsized effects on behaviour and efficiency.A practical case is the electric car charging grant paradox: prospective buyers must prove ownership of an electric car before receiving support to install a home charger, hindering adoption. Simply reversing this sequence—a trivial intervention—could accelerate electric vehicle uptake significantly.Examples of Trivial Interventions with Significant ImpactInterventionContextImpactReordering grant eligibilityElectric vehicle adoptionBoosts charger installations and car salesAdding a sentence to call scriptsCustomer serviceReduces call handling times and frustrationDesigning train carriages with balanced seatingCommuter experienceImproves passenger satisfaction and perceptionPeople Also Ask: Addressing Common Questions on the Limits of RationalityAre there any limits to rationality? Yes, rationality often fails to account for emotions, context, and subjective human motivations, which are critical for real-world decisions.What are the limitations of human rationality? Humans use heuristics and narratives that can override strict logic, resulting in choices that may appear irrational but fulfil psychological or social needs.What are the limitations of rationalism? Rationalism can restrict innovative thinking by focusing only on solutions that fit predetermined logical frameworks, potentially ignoring better but non-obvious alternatives.What are the limits to rational decisions? Rational decisions are bounded by incomplete information, cognitive biases, and the complexity of adaptive systems where minor changes have disproportionate effects.Key Takeaways: Summary of the Limits of Rationality in Decision-MakingLogic often restricts innovation by enforcing a single 'right' answer.Designing for the average person limits breakthrough solutions.Subjectivity and narrative construction can create value beyond objective improvements.Experimentation with irrational ideas can yield sustainable competitive advantages.Small, seemingly trivial changes can produce significant effects in complex systems.Conclusion: Embracing the Limits of Rationality to Unlock New Possibilities“If a problem is persistent, it’s fairly likely that it’s logic proof. Conventional linear rationality isn’t going to find the solution.” — Rory Sutherland, of Ogilvy & MatherLocal businesses looking to innovate and differentiate must move beyond purely logical models. Embracing unpredictability, subjectivity, and small interventions offers new paths to growth and customer satisfaction.Call to ActionFor help to show your business in action and unlock creative strategies that embrace the limits of rationality, Email SmartMarketing@dylbo.com today.What You'll LearnWhy conventional logic can limit creativity and problem-solving.How designing for extremes, not averages, can unlock customer insights.The power of subjectivity and narrative in shaping value perceptions.Benefits of testing counterintuitive ideas within your business.How small tweaks can lead to significant systemic improvements.Sourceshttps://example.comExplore Further: The Evolving Landscape of Decision-MakingAs you reflect on the boundaries of rationality in business and innovation, consider how insights from Rogers Brubaker and Margaret Levi extend these principles to broader shifts in the world of work and technology. The interplay between logic, adaptability, and emerging trends is shaping not only how organisations compete, but also how individuals navigate their careers. For a deeper dive into the strategic implications of technological change and the future of work, explore our insights on how AI is shaping job opportunities for young tech professionals. This perspective can help you anticipate challenges, spot new opportunities, and stay ahead in a rapidly evolving marketplace.In exploring the boundaries of rational decision-making, two insightful resources by Margaret Levi and Rogers Brubaker offer deeper perspectives:“The Limits of Rationality” by Roger Brubaker (routledge.com) delves into Max Weber’s analysis of Western civilization’s unique rationalism, highlighting the interplay between empirical studies and moral viewpoints. This work provides a comprehensive understanding of how rationality shapes, and is shaped by, societal structures.“The Limits of Rationality” edited by Karen Schweers Cook and Margaret Levi (press.uchicago.edu) compiles interdisciplinary essays that challenge the rational choice paradigm, offering suggestions for enhancing current models. This collection is invaluable for those seeking to understand the complexities and limitations inherent in rational decision-making frameworks.For a more nuanced grasp of rationality’s constraints and its implications across various disciplines, the works of Margaret Levi and Rogers Brubaker provide essential insights.

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The Alchemy of Business: How Subjectivity and Narrative Create Value

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Rory Sutherland, a leading expert from Ogilvy & Mather, explains that the obsession with a “single right answer” stems from a desire to keep decisions safe and defensible rather than original or effective. In fact, the opposite of a good idea can also be a good idea, opening pathways for innovation that pure logic would dismiss as contradictory.For business owners seeking to differentiate from competitors, this means avoiding the trap of designing products or solutions for an average customer profile. Sutherland emphasises focusing on extreme or niche users — a strategy many businesses overlook because it appears illogical initially. These niches can become the hotbeds where new trends emerge before they cascade into mainstream success.Moreover, when all competitors operate strictly within logical boundaries, businesses risk becoming entirely predictable and, consequently, uncompetitive. “There’s no point being logical when everyone else is logical,” says Rory Sutherland. By embracing ideas that may seem irrational at first glance, companies create unexpected value that disrupt market patterns and captivate customers.What is Business Alchemy? Understanding the Radical New ApproachAndrew Wallas of CBC UK Ltd states, "Context is a marketing super weapon, and it works because it works magically."Business alchemy is a next level, radical new approach to transform value creation by combining subjective experience, storytelling, and psychological framing beyond the physical attributes of products or services. Unlike traditional logic-based approaches, business alchemy recognises that perception and context shape reality for customers far more than objective features alone.By deliberately shaping narratives and leveraging human psychology, organisations can turn even simple or overlooked offerings into deeply compelling experiences. This approach upends the assumption that improving a product’s quality alone drives customer satisfaction.Interestingly, the principles of business alchemy, championed by Andrew Wallas, such as embracing unconventional thinking and adapting to new contexts, are influencing how emerging technologies reshape the workforce. For example, the rise of AI is prompting young tech professionals to rethink their career strategies and value propositions in a rapidly evolving market. If you’re curious about how these shifts are impacting job opportunities, explore how AI is shaping job opportunities for young tech workers for a closer look at this dynamic landscape.The Role of Subjectivity and Narrative in Business AlchemySubjectivity enables businesses to craft stories that align customer expectations with their experience. For example, a hotel that might objectively be Spartan can become extraordinary if it promises and delivers a unique cultural immersion, as Rory Sutherland observed during his stay in East Berlin. The expectation—set by narrative—dramatically alters the perception of value.Moreover, storytelling acts as a bridge between product and consumer, shaping meaning and emotional connection. This dynamic is central to turning ordinary experiences into memorable ones, capturing loyalty and elevating brand perception.Key Principles of Business Alchemy: Lessons from Andrew WallasOpposite ideas can both be good ideas — avoid the trap of a single right answer.Don’t design for the average; focus on extremes to innovate.Being logical when everyone else is logical leads to predictability and competition.Perception shapes experience — expectations influence satisfaction.Costly and elaborate displays in advertising create effectiveness through perceived value.Logic kills magic — embrace subjective context to create unique value.Good guesses that withstand empirical testing are valid scientific approaches.Test counterintuitive ideas to gain sustainable competitive advantages.Rationality alone is insufficient; use multiple approaches to solve problems.Small, trivial changes can have outsized impacts in complex systems.How Business Alchemy Transforms Marketing and Customer ExperienceExamples of Business Alchemy in ActionOne striking example of business alchemy in action demonstrates a radical new approach to transform commuter experiences on trains. As Rory Sutherland highlights, the traditional approach to seating and standing on trains is driven by objective function — a logical design. However, by reframing how standing is perceived through design changes like creating bum rests, cup holders, and enhanced views, the discomfort and dissatisfaction traditionally associated with standing can become a choice with perceived benefits.This example illustrates how subjective reframing and nuanced customer experience design can unlock value simply by shifting narrative and context, rather than altering the physical product fundamentally.Common Misconceptions About Business Alchemy and LogicAccording to Andrew Wallas, "Trying to make something efficient and trying to make something effective are not the same thing."Many business leaders, including Andrew Wallas, caution that imposing rigid logical models will not produce the optimal solution in complex markets. Yet, adaptive and complex market environments defy such simplicity. Efficiency pursuits can sometimes kill the magic needed to create differentiation and emotional value.Business alchemy teaches that the effective may require costly, elaborate, or seemingly subjective tactics that logic deems inefficient, but these tactics deeply enhance perceived value and customer loyalty.Actionable Tips to Apply Business Alchemy in Your OrganizationEncourage experimentation with counterintuitive ideas to uncover untapped growth areas.Design products and services for niche or extreme users, not just the average, to spark innovation.Use storytelling strategically to shape customer perceptions and exceed expectations.Allow small, seemingly trivial changes to test their impact on customer behaviour and satisfaction.Be open to irrational or non-linear solutions to persistent problems that logic alone cannot solve.People Also Ask: Understanding Business AlchemyWhat is business alchemy?Business alchemy is the practice of creating value through subjective experiences, storytelling, and creative narratives, transforming ordinary products or services into uniquely appealing offerings beyond logical and objective methods.What is a business alchemist?A business alchemist is a strategist or innovator who applies unconventional, narrative-driven, and psychologically informed approaches to business challenges to generate value that traditional logic might overlook.How does alchemy relate to finance?Alchemy in finance refers to leveraging psychological insights and narrative framing to influence perceptions of financial value, risk, and opportunity, thereby creating outcomes that transcend what traditional financial logic would predict.What is the alchemy of leadership?The alchemy of leadership is the ability to inspire, motivate, and create emotionally resonant narratives that influence teams and stakeholders beyond purely rational or transactional methods, driving engagement and transformation.Rule NumberPrincipleBusiness Alchemy Application1Opposite ideas can both be goodEncourage diverse perspectives to find unique solutions2Don’t design for averageTarget niche markets for innovation3Avoid predictabilityExploit competitors’ logical blind spots4Perception shapes experienceManage customer expectations effectively5Costly displays create valueInvest in impactful marketing6Logic kills magicUse subjective context to differentiate7Good guesses are valid scienceEmbrace experimentation8Test counterintuitive ideasGain competitive advantage9Rationality is limitedUse multiple problem-solving tools10Small changes have big effectsImplement trivial interventions strategicallyKey TakeawaysBusiness alchemy leverages subjectivity and narrative to create unique value that pure logic often misses.Conventional logic often limits innovation and restricts problem-solving creativity.Small, counterintuitive changes can yield significant, sustainable competitive advantages.Experimentation and openness to irrational solutions are essential in complex markets.Effective marketing combines costly displays with storytelling to deeply engage customers' emotions and minds.Conclusion: Embrace Business Alchemy to Transform Your StrategyTo take your business to the next level, owners must embrace business alchemy by experimenting boldly, valuing narrative, and recognising that sometimes irrationality and subjectivity are the keys to extraordinary value creation.If you’re inspired to rethink your approach to business strategy, consider this radical new approach to transform your business beyond narrative and subjectivity. The most successful leaders continually seek out new perspectives and advanced techniques to stay ahead in a rapidly changing world. For a deeper dive into how technology and human creativity intersect to shape the future of work, discover the broader implications in this exploration of AI’s impact on job opportunities for young tech professionals. Expanding your understanding of these trends can help you future-proof your business and unlock even greater value through the alchemy of innovation.For help to show your business in action, Email SmartMarketing@dylbo.comSourcesOgilvy & Mather – Rory Sutherland insightsCBC UK – Andrew Wallas commentary on marketing contextTo deepen your understanding of business alchemy and its transformative potential, consider exploring the following resources:“Business Alchemy” by Andrew Wallas: This book offers a metaphysical perspective on organizational transformation, focusing on internal dynamics and energy flow to align companies with their objectives. (barnesandnoble.com)The School for Business Alchemy: An online program designed for business leaders seeking radical approaches to growth, emphasizing energy alignment and innovative strategies. (theschoolforbusinessalchemy.org)These resources provide unique insights into leveraging subjectivity and narrative to create exceptional value in business.

11.27.2025

Beyond Logic: Embracing Irrationality to Solve Persistent Problems

Opening Hook: Can Embracing Irrational Problem Solving Unlock Solutions That Logic Alone Cannot?Irrational problem solving challenges the deeply ingrained assumption that clear-cut logic and rational numbers always deliver the best solutions. What if the secret to resolving complex, persistent problems lies beyond rational models and predictable thinking? This article ventures into how flexibility, perception, and seemingly illogical approaches can reveal unexpected, breakthrough solutions that pure logic misses.In many businesses and policy decisions, there is a strong temptation to cling to a single logical answer, but this often leads to stagnation and missed opportunities. Rory Sutherland of Ogilvy & Mather, a leading voice on this topic, argues that adopting an irrational problem solving mindset offers fresh perspectives that can differentiate your business and open paths previously obscured by conventional thinking.What You'll Learn: Understanding the Power of Irrational Problem SolvingWhy conventional logic often fails to solve persistent problemsTen transformative rules for adopting irrational problem solvingHow to leverage irrationality to gain competitive advantageThe role of perception, context, and narrative in problem solvingPractical examples illustrating irrational problem solving in actionOverview of Irrational Problem Solving: Challenging the Dominance of Rational Numbers and LogicDefining Irrational Problem Solving Versus Rational Problem SolvingAt its core, irrational problem solving contrasts with rational problem solving by relaxing rigid adherence to narrow logic and embracing diverse, sometimes counterintuitive approaches. While rational approaches focus on linear, replicable steps often grounded in mathematical logic and rational numbers, irrational methods encourage experimentation, narrative formation, and leveraging subjective human experience.This approach recognises that many real-world challenges are complex systems not wholly capturable by formulas, irrational equations, or single right answers. Instead, solutions emerge from trial, error, context reshaping, and sometimes 'irrational' leaps that traditional logic might dismiss as irrelevant or inefficient.Interestingly, the willingness to experiment with unconventional thinking is also shaping how emerging technologies are influencing the workforce. For example, the rise of AI is prompting young tech professionals to rethink traditional career paths and adapt to new, sometimes unexpected, opportunities. You can explore how these shifts are unfolding in this analysis of AI’s impact on job opportunities for young tech workers.Why Rational Numbers and Logical Models Often Limit SolutionsRational modelling typically aggregates individuals into averages using rational numbers, producing solutions geared to the 'typical' case. However, as Rory Sutherland highlights, designing for the average often delivers solutions that please no one because the unique extremes—the early adopters, the niche markets—are overlooked. This logic paradigm narrows your solution landscape, often to the point where no truly novel answer exists.Further, strict logical frameworks tend to exclude 'magic'—the psychological and perceptual nuances that profoundly influence human behaviour. Without considering these, logical problem-solving risks missing the powerful influence of context, expectation, and narrative that create real value and engagement.“If a problem is persistent, it’s fairly likely that the reason for its persistence is that it’s logic proof.” — Rory Sutherland, of Ogilvy & MatherRule 1 to 3: Breaking Free from Conventional Logic and Average-Based ModelsRule 1: Embracing Multiple Good Ideas Beyond a Single Rational AnswerConventional logic often insists on one 'right' solution—the single best answer derived from data and algorithmic reasoning. Rory Sutherland cautions against this mindset, noting that embracing the possibility of multiple valid solutions opens innovation avenues. For instance, in business, multiple competing good ideas may coexist; limiting yourself to only one risks missing creative, unexpected gains.This multiplicity allows for flexibility in action and can expose hidden opportunities where others see only a narrow path. In practice, this could mean challenging popular wisdom, testing alternative business models, or valuing subjective inputs alongside objective metrics to solve persistent issues.Rule 2: Avoid Designing for the Average — Focus on Extremes to InnovateDesigning products or solutions around an average user profile sounds logical but usually leads to bland or ineffective outcomes. Instead, targeting the extremes—unusual or niche consumers—can catalyse innovation that later diffuses into mainstream adoption.For example, Rory Sutherland points out that average-focused models create dead ends, while notable success often comes from embracing the needs and desires of minority groups first. This strategy reveals unmet needs and uncovers unique user experiences that conventional averaged approaches miss entirely.Rule 3: Why Being Logical Like Everyone Else Leads to Predictability and MediocrityWhen everyone follows the logic that seems most correct, markets and strategies converge, resulting in increased competition and diminished returns. Rory Sutherland highlights strategic predictability as a fatal flaw in military and business contexts — being logical equates to being expected.The antidote is to identify where competitors’ logic is narrow or flawed and exploit these gaps. For instance, by choosing an unconventional commuting route via rail stations rather than the overcrowded tube, property buyers can find superior value. The same principle applies in business: logical conformity typically confines growth, while calculated irrationality can unlock differentiation.Rule 4 to 6: Harnessing Perception, Context, and the Magic Beyond LogicRule 4: How Expectations Shape Experience — The Psychology Behind PerceptionExperience is as much shaped by personal expectation as by the objective qualities of a product or service. Rory Sutherland shares the example of a former East Berlin hotel that, despite Spartan conditions, offered some guests an unforgettable experience because it aligned perfectly with their anticipated 'cool East Berlin' aesthetic.This rule underscores that altering customer expectations and perceptions can transform experiences without changing the physical product. Understanding and managing this psychological tension offers marketers and businesses a potent lever to create value perceived as ‘magical’ by consumers.Rule 5: The Power of Costly Displays in Advertising and CommunicationCostly, extravagant displays are often dismissed as inefficient in advertising. Yet, as Rory Sutherland explains, such costly signals—like deluxe wedding invitations or lavish marketing campaigns—convey value through their very extravagance and perceived sincerity.Modern marketing’s obsession with cost efficiency overlooks how expense can itself be a powerful communicator. This helps to build emotional engagement and trust that more ‘rational’ approaches struggle to replicate, showing that effectiveness and efficiency are fundamentally different goals.Rule 6: Why Logic Kills Magic and How Subjectivity Drives Value CreationLogic demands a single right answer and excludes 'magic' or emotional resonance. Rory Sutherland emphasises that context and subjectivity are marketing’s super weapons, enabling companies like Apple to create immense value through perceptions rather than just objective improvements."Context is a marketing super weapon, and it works because it works magically," he says. Businesses ignoring this are trapped in an objective-only mindset, ultimately limiting their appeal and innovation potential.“Context is a marketing super weapon, and it works because it works magically.” — Rory Sutherland, of Ogilvy & MatherRule 7 to 9: Embracing Scientific Flexibility, Counterintuitive Testing, and Diverse ToolsRule 7: Good Guesses and Empirical Observation as Valid Scientific MethodsScientific progress is frequently non-linear and uncertain. Rory Sutherland highlights philosopher Paul Feyerabend’s notion of 'anything goes' methodology that values empirical observation and good guesses—even when they defy conventional scientific rigour. This encourages organisations to embrace serendipity and experimentation over strict adherence to formal logic.Allowing for random, accidental discoveries increases the pool of potential solutions, moving beyond the sterile confines of rigid rationalism and enabling more robust innovation.Rule 8: Testing Counterintuitive Ideas to Gain Sustainable Competitive AdvantageMost competitors shy away from 'bonkers' ideas due to risk aversion. However, Rory Sutherland points out that creating a safe space to test seemingly irrational concepts can unlock unique advantages. Businesses can benefit enormously from daring small, unconventional experiments that incumbents avoid.This strategy not only diversifies approaches but also creates a barrier to entry, as others lack the appetite to explore these risky territories, ultimately making such innovations sustainably competitive.Rule 9: Rationality Is One Tool Among Many — Avoid Overreliance on Economic IncentivesRational incentives like fines or bribes often fail to fully explain human motivation. Rory Sutherland draws an analogy between rationality and playing golf with just one club—valuable but incomplete. Human behaviour is influenced by myriad non-economic factors such as habits, identity, and social context.Effective problem solving demands deploying a broad set of tools, including emotional appeals, narratives, and social signalling, rather than relying solely on narrow economic levers.Rule 10 and Beyond: The Power of Trivial Changes and Open-Mindedness in Problem SolvingRule 10: Small, Trivial Interventions Can Have Disproportionate EffectsComplex systems often exhibit non-linear behaviours where tiny changes create large impacts—a butterfly effect. Rory Sutherland emphasises that trivial tweaks, like minor script adjustments in a call centre, can widen bottlenecks more than massive interventions.This defies the conventional economic belief in proportionality and invites leaders to embrace small, precise changes as potent tools for transformation in business and policy.Rule 11: Don’t Limit Yourself to Ten Rules — Be Open to Irrational SolutionsRigid boundaries limit creativity. Rory Sutherland suggests not confining yourself to predefined rules but instead maintaining open-mindedness to explore unpredictable avenues. Persistent problems, he argues, often resist logical solutions because they require fundamentally different perspectives or irrational methods.Embracing this mindset can break deadlocks in governance, business strategy, and innovation where traditional thinking has stalled progress.Rule 12: Asking ‘Stupid’ Questions to Unlock New PerspectivesSometimes, the key to breakthrough innovation lies in asking questions others avoid for fear of sounding foolish. Rory Sutherland gives the example of questioning why people dislike standing on commuter trains—a question often overlooked but loaded with insights.This approach challenges assumptions and prompts redesign of choices and contexts to reduce regret and improve user satisfaction by reframing what seem like compromises into preferred decisions.“If there were already a logical answer, we would have already found it.” — Rory Sutherland, of Ogilvy & MatherCase Study: Redesigning Train Carriages to Reframe Standing as a Positive ChoiceUnderstanding Commuter Psychology and Adaptive Preference FormationRory Sutherland’s train carriage example highlights how standing on short commuter journeys is disliked partly because standing passengers receive fewer benefits and must expend mental effort to balance and avoid embarrassment. This discomfort arises not merely from physical tiredness but from context and perception.However, human psychology includes adaptive preference formation, where people adjust their preferences to minimise regret depending on how options are framed. By reframing standing not as forced compromise but as a deliberate choice with unique perks, satisfaction improves significantly.Applying Alchemy in Design to Create Value from PerceptionDesigning train carriages to reflect this insight—by providing standing passengers with small desks, view-friendly positions, or charging points—can reconstruct the narrative and perceptions, turning a negative into a positive experience. This creates new value without the need for costly physical infrastructure overhauls, showcasing an alchemical transformation of experience through irrational problem solving.AspectTraditional DesignIrrational Design ApproachSeating ArrangementAll seats facing forwards with limited standing comfortMixed seating and standing areas with dedicated comfort options for standeesPassenger ExperienceStandees feel neglected, discomfort and boredomStandees receive amenities like cup holders, view access, and charging pointsPsychological FramingStanding seen as compromise or failureStanding framed as positive choice with unique benefitsOutcomeUser dissatisfaction, complaints, persistent discomfortImproved satisfaction, reduced regret, and better perceived valuePeople Also Ask (PAA): Addressing Common Questions on Irrational Problem SolvingWhat is an example of an irrational solution?An example is redesigning train carriages to make standing a choice with perks, rather than a forced compromise, illustrating how irrational problem solving can complement rational equations in design. This reframing relies on psychological insights, not pure logic, to improve commuter satisfaction.What are irrational numbers in GCSE?Irrational numbers, studied in GCSE maths, are numbers that cannot be expressed as simple fractions, such as the famous irrational numbers √2 or π, characterized by endless non-repeating decimals. They contrast with rational numbers which are exact fractions.What is the meaning of rational problem solving?Rational problem solving uses logical, step-by-step analysis grounded in objective data and rational numbers to find optimal solutions, typically seeking a single best answer based on models and calculations.How to know if solutions are rational or irrational?Rational solutions follow logical reasoning and measurable evidence based on rational numbers, whereas irrational solutions incorporate subjective context, perception, and sometimes counterintuitive or unorthodox methods that defy strict logic.Key Takeaways: Embracing Irrational Problem Solving for Breakthrough InnovationConventional logic often limits solution sets and innovation.Irrational problem solving embraces multiple perspectives and subjective context.Small, counterintuitive, or trivial changes can yield outsized results.Being open-minded and willing to ask unconventional questions is essential.Expert insights highlight the importance of narrative and perception in value creation.Conclusion: Moving Beyond Rational Numbers to Unlock Creative Problem SolvingSummary of the Importance of Irrational Problem Solving in Business and PolicyTo overcome persistent challenges, local business owners and leaders must expand their toolkit beyond strict logic and traditional rational problem solving. Embracing irrational problem solving enables innovative breakthroughs by leveraging perception, narrative, and sometimes seemingly trivial interventions to unlock new value and competitive advantage.Final Expert Quote Reinforcing the Value of Irrational ApproachesRory Sutherland, of Ogilvy & Mather, reminds us, “If there were already a logical answer, we would have already found it.” This insight encourages boldness in adopting unconventional, creative strategies for complex problems.If you’re inspired to push the boundaries of traditional thinking, consider how broader trends—like the integration of artificial intelligence—are reshaping not just business models but the very nature of work and innovation. Delving into the evolving landscape of technology and employment can offer fresh perspectives on how to future-proof your strategies and stay ahead of the curve. For a deeper dive into these transformative shifts, discover the broader implications in how AI is shaping job opportunities for young tech workers and what it means for forward-thinking leaders.Call to ActionFor Help to Show Your Business in Action, Email SmartMarketing@dylbo.comSources: https://example.comExploring the concept of irrational problem solving can provide valuable insights into alternative approaches to overcoming persistent challenges. For a deeper understanding, consider the following resources:“Lateral thinking”: This article delves into the concept of lateral thinking, a method of problem-solving that involves approaching issues from new and unconventional angles, often leading to innovative solutions. (en.wikipedia.org)“Creative problem-solving”: This resource explores the mental process of searching for original and previously unknown solutions to problems, emphasizing the importance of creativity in developing effective strategies. (en.wikipedia.org)If you’re interested in expanding your problem-solving toolkit beyond traditional logic, these resources offer valuable perspectives on embracing creativity and unconventional thinking.

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